如何有效拓展你的雅思口语回答（下）

在“如何有效拓展你的雅思口语回答（上）”中，我们讲到，如何利用纵向思维有效地展开话题，今天周老师继续带领大家探寻如何利用横向思维拓展答案。

使用纵向思维，需要对一个观点进行深入剖析，直到找到一个被普遍认可的观点，用这种思维回答问题时需要问自己“why?”；而在横向（horizontal）思维中，我们要对观点进行横向延展，我们需要问自己“why else?”（还有什么原因？）。在纵向中，我们思考的是一个观点，但是在横向中，我们需要想出不止一个观点。 

举个例子，我们继续分析上一篇的例子：Can you explain why some people like to travel away from home?我们很自然地想到第一个原因：People get away from home because they need to search for jobs. 当然，根据自身经历，我们还可以找到其他原因，比如：because they want to experience some change in their life; becausetheir home is a place which reminds them of something sad; because they’recurious about what the world is like outside their hometown. 这些原因都可以作为上面问题的回答。我们只需要把它并列的连接成答案即可。请看更直观的逻辑图：

有思路之后就很简单了，我们只需要把这些思路有条理地组织在一起就能形成答案了。

问：Can you explain why some people like to travel away from home?

答: I guess different people choose to get away from home for theirpersonal reasons. Some people want to experience some change in their life; ormaybe for some people, home is just a place which reminds them of somethingsad; and there are always some people who are curious to know what the world islike outside their hometown.

经过这种方式组织的答案在横向维度上也具有很强的连贯性。与纵向展开方式不用，横向展开方式向考官展示了更多可能性。这种思维方式比较适合那些想法比较多，但不会纵深展开的同学，毕竟并列的发散思维要比纵深思考一种观点相对容易些。

除此之外，同学们还可以试着把两种方式综合起来（横向+纵向），使答案更加丰满。请看逻辑图：

问：Can you explain why some people like to travel away from home?

答: I guess different people choose to get away from home for theirpersonal reasons. Some people want to experience some change in their life.They see change as an opportunity to develop and improve, so staying at theirhometown for a long time is just a kind of slow death for them; or maybe forsome people, home is just a place which reminds them of something sad. Youknow, when people are getting hurt, they instinctively want to stay away fromthings that sting, so they just escape from home; Finally, there are alwayssome people who are curious to know what the world is like outside theirhometown, they’re eager to learn about other cultures and customs. Staying athome just prevent them from doing that.

由于同学们的个人阅历有限，不可能每次都想到很多原因，并对每个原因进行适当的扩展。所以在实际操作过程中，把两种思维结合起来使用是一种比较明智的做法。如果对一个想法欠缺思路，大可不必在这个想法上浪费时间，只需要提到即可，可以多想想还有哪些想法或者原因可以表达，并针对自己熟悉的想法进行扩展。

最后请跟大家牢记这三种拓展口语答案的方法，并根据不经验和阅历，灵活选择使用。只有不断地练习这些方法，才能做到轻松应对各种刁钻的口语题目。