SAMPLE QUESTION MACHINES

You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.

Write about the following topic:

Machines such as robots are being widely applied to take the place of humans.  Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this and give your own opinion on this development.

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

Write at least 250 words.

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MODEL ANSWER

Over the past few decades, the use of machines such as robots has multiplied and now machines seem poised to take over numerous jobs previously done by humans. （背景） In general, I think this is a good thing, but I can see some potential problems.（非常清晰的观点）

The key advantages of machines such as robots taking over work previously or currently done by humans are fairly obvious. （段落中心句）First, many of the jobs, particularly in manufacturing, are considered boring by many people and therefore using machines allows people to do more fulfilling work. Some factories produce two lines of goods – one mass-produced by machines and the other produced by hand by skilled individuals. Second, some jobs are dangerous, so using machines to do them makes sense. One example is in the military, where machines are used (by remote control) in place of soldiers to disarm bombs. Third, using machines such as robots is often simply more efficient. They can do the work without getting tired and often more cheaply and better than humans. Fourth, if machines are used for housework, for example, they can lead to us having more free time.

However, I agree that the use of machines such as robots could cause problems. （段落中心句）In some areas, using machines will result in people losing their jobs. This could clearly lead to social problems such as poverty. Therefore, I think it is necessary for governments to ensure that there are opportunities for people to retrain for jobs in other fields. （指出第一个弊端并解释，然后给出解决方案）  Another issue is that many people might not feel comfortable with robots. For example, in Japan, a robot receptionist has been developed. The developers were careful to make sure that the robot had mannerisms that humans would feel comfortable with and they even made the robot much smaller than humans to emphasise that human are the “masters”, not vice versa.

（指出第一个弊端并解释，然后给出解决方案）

To summarise, I am in favour of machines such as robots taking over work done by humans, but I think that we simultaneously need to recognize and tackle the problems that will arise as we do this. (总结，重申观点)

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